PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SYNTHETIC DERIVATIVES OF HALOGENATED SCHIFF BASE FOR ITS ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIOXIDANT, AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES

Abstract

Background: Microbial drug resistance is an emerging worldwide issue affecting developed and developing countries. In order to counter this challenge, scientists are working to synthesize new molecules that are safe and effective and specifically tailored to target resistant microorganisms. Halogenated Schiff bases, in particular, have demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against various bacterial and fungal strains, along with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Objectives: The main objective of study was to investigate the anti-bacterial and anti-fungal effect of new synthetic derivatives of halogenated schiff base E-N-1- bis (4 chlorophenyl) –methaninmine (Sw7) and (E)-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,6-dichlorophenyl) methaninmine) (Sw9) against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Additionally, their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities were assessed. Methodology: In the current study, antimicrobial potentials of E-N-1-bis (4 chlorophenyl) – methaninmine) and (E)-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,6-dichlorophenyl) methaninmine) against different bacterial strains and fungal strains were evaluated by disc-diffusion method. Their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities were also analyzed using carrageenan-induced paw oedema assay and DPPH assays respectively. Results: The current study revealed that the tested new synthetic halogenated Schiff bases are sensitive against Escherichia coli at the highest 100 µg/mL concentration. The compounds (E–N-1-bis (4-chlorophyl) -methenamine (Sw7) and (E)-N- (4 chlorophenyl)-1-(2,6- dichlorophenyl) methenamine) (Sw9) showed no anti-bacterial activity against the other tested strains of bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes. New synthetic compounds (Sw7) and (Sw9) showed mild to moderate anti-fungal activity against Candida albicans but no activity against Aspergillus flavus. Conclusion: Results demonstrated that the synthetic halogenated Schiff bases, Sw7 and Sw9, exhibit selective antimicrobial and anti-fungal activity, with Sw7 showing sensitivity against E. coli and mild to moderate activity against C. albicans.